The Argument to End All Arguments The debate over child marriage and the Quran often begins with 65:4, a verse concerning divorce. But that is the wrong place to start. Before asking what happens when a marriage ends, we must first establish who is eligible to enter one. Consider a simple analogy. Suppose one law … Continue reading Child Marriage and the Quran: Why 4:6 Must Come Before 65:4
Does Quran 9:29 Command Muslims to Impose Jizya on Jews and Christians?
In a recent debate on the morality of the Quran, the Christian Apologist, GodLogic (Avery), built his case on one verse: 9:29. His argument ran as follows. Sura 9 begins with declaring war on the pagan Arabs, then at verse 29 turns on the Jews and Christians. They are fought for disbelief alone, with no … Continue reading Does Quran 9:29 Command Muslims to Impose Jizya on Jews and Christians?
Jesus Declares Himself a Liar in Sahih Hadith (Hadith vs. Quran)
Imagine a man of unquestioned honesty who watches a theft unfold before his eyes. The thief, confronted, swears by God that he did nothing. The witness then turns around and declares that he is the one who has lied. Few would call that humility. Most would call it a collapse of both truth and justice. … Continue reading Jesus Declares Himself a Liar in Sahih Hadith (Hadith vs. Quran)
Three False Equivalences in the Defense of Hadith
When Sunnis diminish the Quran to elevate the Hadith When traditionalists are challenged on the authenticity, reliability, or internal consistency of the Hadith corpus, the response often shifts away from defending those problems on their own terms. Instead, the discussion shifts to a challenge to the Quran: it too is said to produce disagreements, contain … Continue reading Three False Equivalences in the Defense of Hadith
The Burden the Mountains Refused (Part IV: Constitutive Freedom)
We have offered the responsibility—the freedom of choice—to the heavens and the earth, and the mountains, but they refused to bear it, and were afraid of it. But the human being accepted it; he was transgressing, ignorant. — Quran 33:72 Read that verse again slowly, because the standard reading glosses over something extraordinary. The responsibility—al-amanah, … Continue reading The Burden the Mountains Refused (Part IV: Constitutive Freedom)
The Tyranny of the Ticker (Part III: Expectation Freedom)
Here is a man you probably know. Every morning, before he has spoken to his family, before he has eaten, before he has done a single thing that is actually within his control, he reaches for his phone and checks the market. If the numbers are green, he will be in a good mood today. … Continue reading The Tyranny of the Ticker (Part III: Expectation Freedom)
Counting the Sacred Text: A History of Numerical Verification in Scripture Preservation
In most languages, the word for "scribe" evokes an image of someone who writes. In Hebrew, the word is sofer (סוֹפֵר), and it means, at its root, s-p-r (ס-פ-ר), one who counts. That etymology is not incidental. It encodes a technology of preservation that is among the most durable and sophisticated ever devised for protecting … Continue reading Counting the Sacred Text: A History of Numerical Verification in Scripture Preservation
When Atrocity Is “Justified” in God’s Name: The Conscience Clause of Revelation
Throughout history, the worst atrocities have often been committed in public, with ceremony, with the sanction of institutions, and frequently with the explicit blessing of religious authority. The slave trade was defended from pulpits. Inquisitors tortured in the name of mercy, persuading themselves that burning the body was a kindness to the soul. Colonizers dismantled … Continue reading When Atrocity Is “Justified” in God’s Name: The Conscience Clause of Revelation
Who Are the Baddies? Apostasy, Coercion, and the Mirror the Quran Holds Up to Today’s Islam
There is a famous comedy sketch by Mitchell and Webb in which two Nazi soldiers, mid-battle, pause to notice the skull-and-crossbones insignia on their helmets. One turns to the other and asks the question that has apparently never occurred to them before: "Are we the baddies?" It is a devastatingly simple joke. But it captures … Continue reading Who Are the Baddies? Apostasy, Coercion, and the Mirror the Quran Holds Up to Today’s Islam
The Failure of Asbāb al-Nuzūl (Cause of Revelation Hadith)
Sunni Muslims often argue that the Hadith is necessary for understanding the context of the Quranic verses. Within the classical Islamic sciences, this genre is known as asbab al-nuzul — literally "the occasions of revelation" or "the causes of descent." Its intended purpose is to document the specific historical circumstances, events, and questions that allegedly … Continue reading The Failure of Asbāb al-Nuzūl (Cause of Revelation Hadith)
