Controlled Opposition and the Management of Dissent

Power rarely destroys what it can redirect. The most durable political systems have always understood that outright suppression carries its own risks: martyrs are made, underground movements consolidate, and the spectacle of repression can delegitimize authority more effectively than any protest. A more elegant solution presents itself—one practiced, whether consciously or structurally, from the courts … Continue reading Controlled Opposition and the Management of Dissent

The Slow Birth of Islam: How Syriac Christians Watched a Religion Take Shape

When the armies of Islam emerged from Arabia in the seventh century, the first Christians they encountered were not the Greek-speaking Byzantines of Constantinople nor the Latin Christians of Rome, but the Syriac-speaking Christian communities of the Middle East. These Christians—centered in Mesopotamia, Syria, Palestine, and Persia—spoke Syriac, a dialect of Aramaic closely related to … Continue reading The Slow Birth of Islam: How Syriac Christians Watched a Religion Take Shape