Where is the Sunni’s Isnad For Their Salat?

One of the foundational claims of Sunni Islam is that religious practice is preserved through Hadith, authenticated by a rigorous science of transmission—ʿIlm al-Rijāl—and a system of isnād, or chains of narration. But when it comes to the most essential ritual in Islam—Salāt (the Contact Prayer)—this claim falls apart. The reality is simple: Sunnis do … Continue reading Where is the Sunni’s Isnad For Their Salat?

The Case of Ibn Shanabūdh: When Isnād Was Not Enough

Abū al-Ḥasan Ibn Shanabūdh (d. 328/939) was a prominent Qurʾān reciter, scholar of Arabic language, and prayer leader based in Baghdad during the Abbasid era. Renowned for his deep knowledge of variant Qurʾānic readings (qirāʾāt) and for his extensive travels to study with leading Qurʾān masters, Ibn Shanabūdh enjoyed a respected scholarly reputation among his … Continue reading The Case of Ibn Shanabūdh: When Isnād Was Not Enough

Linguistic Miracle of Quran Was For Its Time and Place

Every messenger is sent speaking the clear language of his people: [14:4] We did not send any messenger except (to preach) in the tongue of his people, in order to clarify things for them. GOD then sends astray whomever He wills, and guides whomever He wills. He is the Almighty, the Most Wise.  وَمَآ أَرْسَلْنَا مِن … Continue reading Linguistic Miracle of Quran Was For Its Time and Place

The Omission of “The Prophets” (Al-Anbyã’) in Sura 21

Sura 21 of the Quran is titled Al-Anbiyā’ ( الأنبياء )—“The Prophets”—yet nowhere within its 112 verses does this word, nor any of its derivatives, appear. This is no oversight. God's speech is renowned for its precision and literary design; titles are never arbitrary. So why would an entire chapter be named “The Prophets” while … Continue reading The Omission of “The Prophets” (Al-Anbyã’) in Sura 21