Oldest Surviving Manuscript of Imam Malik’s Muwatta’

Early Manuscripts and Fragments of the Muwatta’ Imam Malik’s al-Muwaṭṭa’ was compiled in the 2nd century AH (8th century CE) and was transmitted by many of his students in slightly variant versions. The very earliest physical evidence of the Muwatta’ dates back to Malik’s own lifetime. For example, a papyrus fragment (PERF No. 731) from … Continue reading Oldest Surviving Manuscript of Imam Malik’s Muwatta’

Disputing the Root and Pronunciation of the word “Quran”

Many people, both Muslims and non-Muslims, often assume that the meanings of the words in the Quran are clear-cut, universally agreed upon, and linguistically obvious. This assumption can lead to the mistaken belief that interpreting the Quran is a straightforward task requiring little more than a dictionary and a literal reading. However, even a brief … Continue reading Disputing the Root and Pronunciation of the word “Quran”